Heartworm disease is a serious and potentially fatal condition affecting dogs. Understanding heartworms, how they are transmitted, and how to prevent and treat them is essential for every dog owner. In this post, our Monroe vets discuss the importance of heartworm prevention and how it can be treated.
What is heartworm disease?
Heartworms are parasitic worms in affected dogs' hearts, lungs, and blood vessels. These worms can grow up to a foot long and cause severe damage to the organs they inhabit, leading to heart failure, lung disease, and other health issues. The scientific name for the heartworm is Dirofilaria immitis.
What causes heartworm disease?
The bite of an infected mosquito causes heartworm disease. When a mosquito bites a dog, it can transfer heartworm larvae into the dog's bloodstream. Over time, these larvae mature into adult worms and lodge in the heart and lungs, where they can live for several years, causing significant damage.
What are the symptoms of heartworm in dogs?
The signs of heartworm in dogs can be subtle in the early stages but become more noticeable as the disease progresses. Common symptoms include:
- Persistent cough
- Fatigue after moderate activity
- Weight loss
- Decreased appetite
- Difficulty breathing
- Swollen belly due to fluid accumulation
In severe cases, dogs may experience heart failure and show signs of cardiovascular collapse, which requires immediate veterinary care.
What is the safest way to prevent heartworm?
Preventing heartworm in dogs is crucial, and the safest way to do so is through the regular use of heartworm prevention medications. These medications, available in various forms such as pills, topical treatments, and injections, kill the heartworm larvae before they can mature into adults. It is essential to use heartworm prevention consistently and as directed by your veterinarian to ensure your dog remains protected year-round.
When should dogs receive heartworm prevention?
Dogs should start on heartworm prevention medication as early as possible, typically around six to eight weeks of age. Prevention should be administered monthly or as recommended by your veterinarian. Some injectable options protect for six months or a year. Consistent use of heartworm prevention is critical, as even missing one dose can leave your dog vulnerable to infection.
What to do after your dog has been treated for heartworms?
It is important to allow your dog to rest after receiving the heartworm treatment. Although the treatment kills the adult heartworms within a few days, complications can occur as the remnants decompose. It may take several months for the remnants to be reabsorbed into the bloodstream.
To minimize the risk of complications, your dog should avoid exercise and be kept as quiet as possible for the first month after treatment.
Coughing may be noticeable for seven to eight weeks after the injection. If the cough persists beyond this or is severe, or if your dog shows signs of shortness of breath or fever, contact your veterinarian immediately.
The Side Effects Of Heartworm Treatment In Dogs
Heartworm treatment can cause serious complications for your pet's health and may be toxic to your dog's body. Many dogs experience soreness and swelling at the site of their injections.
The most severe side effects are related to many worms suddenly dying. If your dog is panting excessively, has difficulty breathing, is suddenly lethargic or collapses, begins to reject its food, starts vomiting, or develops diarrhea, you should contact your vet immediately.
When should they seek veterinary care?
If you notice any signs of heartworm in your dog, it is crucial to seek veterinary care immediately. Early detection and treatment are vital to improving the prognosis and preventing severe damage to the heart and lungs. Regular veterinary check-ups and heartworm testing are also essential, even if your dog is on a heartworm prevention regimen, to ensure the effectiveness of the prevention and catch any potential infections early.
Note: The advice provided in this post is intended for informational purposes and does not constitute medical advice regarding pets. For an accurate diagnosis of your pet's condition, please make an appointment with your vet.